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Add-on instructions are generally a small, tested, pocket of code that the user wants to reuse multiple times in program(s). This tutorial will go into best practices of add-on instructions, how the add-on instructions work, and it will go through creating a custom add-on instruction. There are some best practices for add-on instructions, which are listed below. Testing: Add-on instructions cannot be changed online so make sure whatever instruction the program is using is tested and will work in a production environment. Again, add-on instructions cannot be changed online. Single Level: It is good practice to write only a single level of add-on instructions, meaning that you should not have add-on instructions within add-on instructions, even though it is possible. Naming: It is good practice to name add-on instructions with a consistent prefix. For example, “ao\_IO\_DigitalOutput” would be an add-on instruction for a digital output. When add-on instructions have a consistent prefix...
The most important thing about learning to program PLCs is understanding ladder logic. Unlike other computer languages, ladder logic is graphical, meaning that the program is literally drawn out rather than typed. This can be confusing to programmers who come from a background in traditional languages, such as C or C++. You don’t get anything too fancy with ladder logic; rather, the graphical program is meant to represent a facsimile of a wiring diagram for traditional relay logic. Relays were used, and still are, to control various systems and these control systems are often very complicated. Engineers needed a way to represent the complicated arrangements and relationships in a relay control system, so the ladder logic representation was developed to make things clear. You will find schematic diagrams for relay racks written out using ladder logic notation to this day. The popularity and longevity of ladder logic notation can be traced to its ease of use. Ladder logic is easy for...
In an electrical circuit, we always encounter either a circuit breaker or a fuse. Many people, even with all available info on the internet, mistake a fuse for a circuit breaker or vice versa. The common thing about these two is that they both protect electrical circuits from overloads . These overloads are usually mitigated by disrupting the continuity of the current. So, since both the circuit breaker and fuse essentially do the same thing, do we really need both of them? If so, which one is better, and why? We’ve done our best to answer these questions in this article. Fuse – en.wikipedia.org A fuse is something we all have in our houses and buildings, whether it is a commercial or residential building. While there are several types of fuses, the most common one is made of metal and is plugged into a central fuse box. The metal wire inside the fuse is enclosed in ceramic or metal casing, which is then mounted into a central fuse box, located at the place where the wiring passes...
In music and everyday life, a tone represents a harmonic sound that sounds good to our ears. The noise, however, is the disharmonic sound that’s everything but desirable. When it comes to the electricity, we can only identify with the noise, as it’s something that can cause you a lot of trouble. This noise is sometimes called ‘electromagnetic interference’ and can disrupt the normal workflow of your measuring instruments such as sensors, for example. Despite the fact that it doesn’t sound too critical or scary, you’ll still need to protect your electrical devices from the noise. Luckily for you, we’re going to explain what exactly is noise and how you can prevent it. Simply put, the electric noise is a disturbance in an electric that causes changes in voltage or current. As we’re talking about the unwanted disturbance, its pattern is often random, sporadic, and can’t be foreseen. When the electric noise occurs, we can always notice a sudden, yet a short increase of voltage or current...
A multimeter is something that we’ve all seen but many still don’t know how to use it. Checking your electronic system for faults was never this easy – simply grab your multimeter, set it to a required value and start measuring voltage, resistance, and current. Nowadays, you can find multimeters for less than 10 bucks and even this cheap piece of hardware can come in handy when you need to fault-chek your battery or any other device. But, measuring voltage, resistance, and current is something that’s vastly different, even for your multimeter. When you don’t understand how a multimeter works, you can end up with a blown fuse. This means that your multimeter uses different techniques for measuring these 3 different variables. Trying to measure a certain value in a way that’s used for measuring a different value will cause your multimeter fuse to blow. Well, as we said earlier; it blew as a result of misusing its functions. The multimeter comes with two inserts for positive leads. One...